Improvement in water-closets for vessels



A. B. SANDS. Water-Closets for Vessels. No.l47,575. Patented Feb. 17,1874.

L Y e Je W eem M Je /H/lg o/n?? UrrnD SNTE-S' t Prnrnlvrv OFFICE.

ALFRED R. sANns, orfNnw YORK, N. Y., AssicNoR To sANns e BAXTER, or sAME PLACE. l

IMPROVEMENT iN WATER-ciosrrs Fon vEssEL's.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 147,575, dated February 17, 1874; application filed January 28, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l', ALFRED B. SANns, ofthe city of New York, county of New York, and State of New York, have :invented certain Improvements in Tater-Closets for Vessels, of which the following is a specification:

The object of my invention is to provide for a combined single pump and water-closet for vessels, and especially, for smaller vessels-as yachts and such crafts, where the water-closet is, of necessity, placed under the level of the sea. The action of said pump is to provide the water-closet safely with only the required amount of water, and also, at the same time, to discharge the contents of the closet into the sea.

Heretofore this result has been obtained by `nid of two separate pumpsa watersupply pump and a soil-pump-which not alone has made the erection of such closets expensive and bulky, but has been a source of danger, by letting water into the vessel, when not required, in such quantities as to imperil the safety of the same. My improved combinedl pump and closet effectually obviates these drawbacks and difficulties.

My invention consists in the construction of a single-cylinder pump with a cylindrical hollow plunger or piston, closed at the bottom, and provided with packings at the bottom, and extending upward through a stuffing-box placed over the top of the cylinder. It is operated by a connection-rod fastened to the bottom inside of the plunger, while the other end is connected with a lever. By this arrangement a space or chamber is formed between the interior sides of the cylinder and the plunger. To the side and near to the top of the cylinder, is fastened a chamber, in which is hung a valve in a slantiug position inward to the cylinder. To the outside of this chamber is bolted the water-inlet pipe to the pump. Opposite this chamber, in the cylinder, is cut a hole, to the outside of which is bolted the eXitwater-pipe, which supplies the closet placed at the side of the p'ump. This pipe is provided with a valve-seat, valve! chamber, and valve. ,'lo the bottom of the closet is bolted a pipe, which runs under the bottom of theipump, to which it is connected by an extra cylindrical chamber, in the lower part of whiclris placed a valve having its seat in the bottom of the chamber. To the side of this chamber is bolted the discharging-pipe for the contents of the closet. Over the opening of this pipe is placed a seat for another valve, over which is bolted to the flange, around the last-mentioned pipe, a bend or pipe, which conducts the contents of the closet through the side of the vessel into the sea.

The operation of my improved water-closetl for vessels is as follows: By depressing the lever working the plunger, a vacuum is formed in the chamber between the cylinder and the plunger, the valve in the inlet-pipe being forced open by the external atmospheric pressure, and water caused to iiow into the cylinder. By elevating the lever, the water in the cylinder is lifted, closing the inletpipe, andlifting the outlet-valve, and thus forcing the water into and around the mouth or seat of the closet. Again, in the upward stroke of the plunger the valve in the chainber under the pump is raised, and the contents of the closet drawn into this chamber,

into the discharging-pipe, and into the cylinder itself under the plunger. By the downward stroke of the plunger, this last-mentioned valve is closed, and the valve over the mouth of the discharging-pipe opened, and thus the contents of the closet are forced, through the bend or pipe, out into the sea.

In order to-more fully describe my invention, I refer tothe accompanying' drawing, forming a part of this specification.

Figure I is a vertical sectional view of my improved pump and closet. Fig. II is a vertical sectional view through line :v x, Fig. I.

'A is the cylinder; B, the plunger; C, the bottom and packing of the plunger; D, the stuffing-box for the plunger; e c, the chamber formed between the cylinder and the plunger;A F, the connecting-rod between the plunger and the lever G; H, the waterinlet pipe, with the chamber I and the valve J 5 K, the water-outlet pipe to the closet, `vith the chamber L and the valve M, N, the watercloset; O, the discharge-pipe for the contents of the closet; P, a pipe or chamber connect4 

